Transforming the Republic of Letters is a cultural and intellectual history that chronicles the transition to “modernity” from the perspective of the internationally renowned scholar Pierre-Daniel Huet (1630-1721). Under April Shelford’s direction, Huet guides us into the intensely social intellectual world of salons, scientific academies, and literary academies, while his articulate critiques illumine a combative world of Cartesians versus anti-Cartesians, ancients versus moderns, Jesuits versus Jansenists, and salonnières versus humanist scholars. Transforming the Republic of Letters raises questions of critical importance in Huet’s era, and our own, about defining, sharing, and controlling access to knowledge.